Which of the following conditions is often linked to nipple discharge?

Nipple discharge can be associated with several conditions, and it’s important to recognize how each can contribute to this symptom. Breast cysts are fluid-filled sacs within the breast that can sometimes cause discharge, particularly if they become ruptured or if they press on surrounding tissue. Similarly, infections—particularly those affecting the ducts within the breast—can lead to purulent discharge, which may present with other symptoms such as redness or swelling. Hormonal imbalances, particularly fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels, can stimulate the mammary glands and result in discharge.

Since nipple discharge can arise from a variety of sources, each of these conditions plays a role in potentially causing this symptom. Therefore, recognizing that all three listed conditions—breast cysts, infections, and hormonal imbalances—are linked to nipple discharge solidifies the rationale for the correct answer.