What is the function of brachytherapy in breast cancer treatment?

The function of brachytherapy in breast cancer treatment primarily involves delivering localized radiation directly to the tumor site. This targeted approach allows for a high dose of radiation to be administered to the cancerous tissue while sparing surrounding healthy tissues. By placing radioactive sources within or near the tumor, brachytherapy focuses the treatment, which can be particularly beneficial in cases where the cancer is localized and well-defined.

Localized radiation is crucial in breast cancer treatment because it helps to minimize the overall exposure of healthy tissues to radiation, which can reduce potential side effects and complications that might arise from broader radiation treatments. Additionally, by concentrating the radiation dose on the tumor itself, brachytherapy aims to improve the chances of effectively destroying cancer cells.

Other treatment options, such as external beam radiation therapy, typically involve delivering radiation from an external source and may cover a larger area, which can increase the risk of side effects. Unlike brachytherapy, which is specific and targeted, other treatment modalities may vary in their effectiveness depending on the tumor's characteristics and location. In some cases, brachytherapy may complement surgery, but it does not eliminate the need for surgical intervention in all scenarios, thus impacting the overall treatment plan for breast cancer patients.